Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Source:https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/science\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/ Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy 2023-08-16 21:49:39 Enlarge \/ 2.7-billion-year-old basalt lava flows in the Pilbara Craton, now tilted about 45 degrees from horizontal. Jennifer Kasbohm Have tectonic plates changed speed over the last 3 billion years? The answer has far-reaching implications, as plate tectonics affected everything from the supply of vital nutrients […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Science and Nerds\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-08-16T21:49:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-16T21:49:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/\",\"name\":\"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-08-16T21:49:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-08-16T21:49:40+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ea2991abeb2b9ab04b32790dff28360e\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1\",\"width\":800,\"height\":600},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/\",\"name\":\"Science and Nerds\",\"description\":\"My WordPress Blog\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ea2991abeb2b9ab04b32790dff28360e\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7e6e14fc6691445ef2b2c0a3a6c43882?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7e6e14fc6691445ef2b2c0a3a6c43882?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/author\/admin\/\"}]}<\/script>\n","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds","og_description":"Source:https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/science\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/ Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy 2023-08-16 21:49:39 Enlarge \/ 2.7-billion-year-old basalt lava flows in the Pilbara Craton, now tilted about 45 degrees from horizontal. Jennifer Kasbohm Have tectonic plates changed speed over the last 3 billion years? The answer has far-reaching implications, as plate tectonics affected everything from the supply of vital nutrients […]","og_url":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/","og_site_name":"Science and Nerds","article_published_time":"2023-08-16T21:49:39+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-08-16T21:49:40+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/","url":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/","name":"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1","datePublished":"2023-08-16T21:49:39+00:00","dateModified":"2023-08-16T21:49:40+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ea2991abeb2b9ab04b32790dff28360e"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1","width":800,"height":600},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/","name":"Science and Nerds","description":"My WordPress Blog","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ea2991abeb2b9ab04b32790dff28360e","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7e6e14fc6691445ef2b2c0a3a6c43882?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7e6e14fc6691445ef2b2c0a3a6c43882?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com"],"url":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37219"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37219\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37221,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37219\/revisions\/37221"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

Jennifer Kasbohm <\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A rare remnant of early Earth<\/h2>\n
In the Archean eon, a time far closer to the formation of our Solar System than to today, basalt oozed over what would later be Western Australia in much the same way it does in Iceland<\/a> and Hawaii<\/a> today. Plate tectonics was still relatively<\/a> new<\/a>, and continents were in the early stages of emerging from what had largely been a water world<\/a>. The air was devoid of oxygen, and the most advanced life came in the form of microbial communities that are preserved today in hummocky fossils known as \u201c stromatolites<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n
\u201cWe know Earth was hotter, so does that mean mantle convection happens faster?\u201d Kasbohm asked. \u201cMantle convection is the process underlying plate tectonics.\u201d<\/p>\n
\n Advertisement <\/span> <\/p>\n<\/aside>\n
Kasbohm and colleagues from Princeton, Yale, and MIT set out to learn about the nature of Archean plate tectonics by pairing precise data for the formation of Archean basalt lavas with measurements of Earth\u2019s magnetic field that were frozen into these basalts as they cooled. The aim was to plot the movement and speed of Pilbara as it drifted over Earth\u2019s surface.<\/p>\n
Because plate tectonics has largely resurfaced our planet, rocks from the Archean are relatively rare, and most are worse off after billions of years of tectonic abuse. Pilbara, however, has escaped the heating and deformation suffered by most other Archean rocks.<\/p>\n
\u201cThank goodness the Pilbara emerged unscathed from the last 4 billion years of history!\u201d Kasbohm remarked.<\/p>\n
Heartbreaker project<\/h2>\n
Kasbohm\u2019s study took a decade. The rock dating and magnetic analyses were elaborate, with fourteen weeks of sampling and camping in the Australian outback in 2013 and 2014, followed by years of lab work. And all that effort left her few samples to work with.<\/p>\n
\u201cIt was a kind of a heartbreaker project in terms of geochronology,\u201d she told Ars.<\/p>\n
Kasbohm needed samples containing zircon crystals for the uranium-lead dating technique, but basalt does not have the right chemistry to crystallize zircon, so she needed to find zircons in ash erupted from contemporaneous volcanoes that had settled on top of individual basalt flows. There, too, she was out of luck: Most of the zircons she found turned out later to have been blown in from older granites rather than from contemporaneous volcanic eruptions.<\/p>\n
In the end, out of 21 ash layers between lava flows that she sampled, only four yielded relevant dates: \u201cA lot of work with not much to show,\u201d Kasbohm said. Yet those four dates were still precise enough to track Pilbara\u2019s movement over four points in time.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
<\/br><\/br><\/br><\/p>\n
Food, Health, Science, Space, Space Craft, SpaceX<\/br>
\n<\/br>
\nSource:https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/science\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/<\/a><\/br><\/br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Source:https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/science\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/ Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy 2023-08-16 21:49:39 Enlarge \/ 2.7-billion-year-old basalt lava flows in the Pilbara Craton, now tilted about 45 degrees from horizontal. Jennifer Kasbohm Have tectonic plates changed speed over the last 3 billion years? The answer has far-reaching implications, as plate tectonics affected everything from the supply of vital nutrients […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":37220,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"pagelayer_contact_templates":[],"_pagelayer_content":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[103,32,26,33,105,36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-food","category-health","category-science","category-space","category-space-craft","category-spacex"],"yoast_head":"\nEarly plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Source:https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/science\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/ Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy 2023-08-16 21:49:39 Enlarge \/ 2.7-billion-year-old basalt lava flows in the Pilbara Craton, now tilted about 45 degrees from horizontal. Jennifer Kasbohm Have tectonic plates changed speed over the last 3 billion years? The answer has far-reaching implications, as plate tectonics affected everything from the supply of vital nutrients […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Science and Nerds\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-08-16T21:49:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-08-16T21:49:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/\",\"name\":\"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-08-16T21:49:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-08-16T21:49:40+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ea2991abeb2b9ab04b32790dff28360e\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1\",\"width\":800,\"height\":600},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/\",\"name\":\"Science and Nerds\",\"description\":\"My WordPress Blog\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ea2991abeb2b9ab04b32790dff28360e\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7e6e14fc6691445ef2b2c0a3a6c43882?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7e6e14fc6691445ef2b2c0a3a6c43882?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/author\/admin\/\"}]}<\/script>\n","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds","og_description":"Source:https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/science\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/ Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy 2023-08-16 21:49:39 Enlarge \/ 2.7-billion-year-old basalt lava flows in the Pilbara Craton, now tilted about 45 degrees from horizontal. Jennifer Kasbohm Have tectonic plates changed speed over the last 3 billion years? The answer has far-reaching implications, as plate tectonics affected everything from the supply of vital nutrients […]","og_url":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/","og_site_name":"Science and Nerds","article_published_time":"2023-08-16T21:49:39+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-08-16T21:49:40+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/","url":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/","name":"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy - Science and Nerds","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1","datePublished":"2023-08-16T21:49:39+00:00","dateModified":"2023-08-16T21:49:40+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ea2991abeb2b9ab04b32790dff28360e"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1","width":800,"height":600},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2023\/08\/16\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Early plate tectonics was surprisingly speedy"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/","name":"Science and Nerds","description":"My WordPress Blog","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/ea2991abeb2b9ab04b32790dff28360e","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7e6e14fc6691445ef2b2c0a3a6c43882?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/7e6e14fc6691445ef2b2c0a3a6c43882?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com"],"url":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/early-plate-tectonics-was-surprisingly-speedy_64dd4473a3835.jpeg?fit=800%2C600&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37219"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37219\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37221,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37219\/revisions\/37221"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37220"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}