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{"id":5476,"date":"2022-05-10T15:23:47","date_gmt":"2022-05-10T15:23:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2022\/05\/10\/uipath-ceo-daniel-dines-thinks-automation-can-fight-the-great-resignation\/"},"modified":"2022-05-10T15:23:48","modified_gmt":"2022-05-10T15:23:48","slug":"uipath-ceo-daniel-dines-thinks-automation-can-fight-the-great-resignation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2022\/05\/10\/uipath-ceo-daniel-dines-thinks-automation-can-fight-the-great-resignation\/","title":{"rendered":"UiPath CEO Daniel Dines thinks automation can fight the great resignation"},"content":{"rendered":"

Source: https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2022\/5\/10\/23064020\/uipath-ceo-daniel-dines-automation-rpa-great-resignation-ukraine<\/a>
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Daniel Dines is the founder and CEO of UiPath, one of the biggest automation companies around. UiPath sells software automation or what consultants call \u201crobotic process automation,\u201d or RPA, so they can sound fancy and charge higher fees.<\/p>\n

RPA is actually very simple to understand. Let\u2019s say you have something in your business that relies on older software to do some repetitive task like entering billing information or moving data from one system to another. Now, the intuitive way most of us would think about making all that more efficient would be to upgrade or replace that old software with something with more capabilities. But, as we\u2019ve all learned by now, new software often causes more problems than it solves; there are compatibility issues, stability issues, and the general chaos of rolling it out and making sure it all works. <\/p>\n

UiPath and other software automation companies have a different approach: just hire another computer to use software for you. Seriously. UiPath uses computer vision to look at what\u2019s on a screen, and then it uses a virtual mouse and keyboard to click around and do things in apps like Excel and Salesforce. The automations can be mundane, like generating lists of people to contact from public records, or intensely complicated: UiPath can actually monitor how different software is used throughout a company and suggest automations. Huge companies like Uber, Facebook, Spotify, and Google all use UiPath.<\/p>\n

Last year, I talked a lot about the social consequences of automation with New York Times<\/em> reporter Kevin Roose <\/a>\u2014 he\u2019d just published a book on automation and the workforce<\/a>. But I was really excited to talk to Daniel about it directly and hear his perspective on competition in particular, especially because UiPath has had a pretty up and down year.<\/p>\n

The company went public almost exactly a year ago in one of the biggest software IPOs ever. Since then, the stock has taken a nosedive. (It IPO\u2019d at $74.84 a share, but at the time I\u2019m recording this, it\u2019s just $16.34.) I wanted to ask Daniel how UiPath was built for this moment, how mainstream he thinks automation like this can be, and how he\u2019s thinking about big competitors like Microsoft and Salesforce.<\/p>\n

Of course, we also talked about those social impacts. Daniel had some pretty interesting responses to those questions. He thinks giving boring work to robots instead of people makes the people much happier and might keep them from looking for new work. Daniel tells the story of a company seeing upwards of 40 percent attrition. They eventually turned to UiPath to give their people a lighter workload \u2014 to hopefully make them like their existing job more and keep them from quitting. We often worry about automation taking jobs away, but it\u2019s interesting to hear Daniel talk about how automation might help companies retain their employees.<\/p>\n

Daniel Dines, founder and CEO of UiPath. Here we go.<\/p>\n

This transcript has been lightly edited for clarity.<\/em><\/p>\n

Daniel Dines is the founder and CEO of UiPath. Welcome to <\/strong>Decoder<\/strong><\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Thank you so much for having me, Nilay.<\/p>\n

I have been excited to talk to you for a long time. Robotic process automation is one of my favorite subjects, and you are the guy to talk about it with. It is almost exactly the one-year anniversary of UiPath going public as one of the biggest US software IPOs in history, at $1.3 billion last April. I think it\u2019s important to dig into software automation, which has the potential to reshape how everyone works. I want to talk to you about what the last year has been like, and where UiPath as a company goes from here as the market reacts to automation existing. I think one of the big challenges for UiPath \u2014 and for everyone else \u2014 is that robots are going to become a class of users right alongside people. Let\u2019s start at the beginning. What is UiPath, and how did you end up starting it?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Well, we are an enterprise software company that specializes in enterprise automation, using a very different flavor to automating business processes compared to any other technologies. We simply emulate human users. It\u2019s more like the self-driving car version of the automation, and that has the tremendous advantage that it reuses the existing workflow operations that are proven in enterprise. We just code them into a software workflow, so it considerably speeds up the process. It\u2019s more cost-effective than any other type of automation, and it proves that it\u2019s the only technology that can scale for the long tail of manual processes.<\/p>\n

I just want to unpack what it means to emulate a human user. Correct me if I\u2019m wrong, but in the world of enterprise software, there is a tendency to dress up simple ideas into language for CIOs and finance people. When you mean \u201cemulate human users,\u201d you mean your software uses a mouse and keyboard to use other people\u2019s software.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yes, that\u2019s very well said.<\/p>\n

Okay. I just want to be clear. You have a robot that moves a mouse around a screen and clicks on things in Microsoft Word or wherever.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yes, but it\u2019s not a physical robot. We do not use a physical mouse and a physical keyboard; we use an emulation of mouse and keyboard on a computer. It\u2019s virtual. You can move the mouse on the screen without physically moving the mouse. This is technology that any computer provides. We are within the computer, but we are seeing the screen and we are operating like a human user.<\/p>\n

So again, just to make this as dumb as possible and as accessible to many people: You have an application that emulates a mouse, a keyboard, and a display, that can see whatever application is on a screen \u2014 whether it\u2019s Salesforce or Microsoft Word or Adobe Photoshop \u2014 and you write automations there to operate that software.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yes. If you want to send an email to someone, you would open your email client, start a new email, enter the title, subject, to whom, and then type what you want to say and press send. We can code this workflow in our software, and you can literally see on the screen how the email client opens and these actions are replicated to send the mail.<\/p>\n

There are enormous implications for how all this works, but this is actually a pretty simple, easy-to-understand idea for how you might automate software. How did you come up with it? What was the genesis of this idea? How did you end up starting this huge company?<\/strong><\/p>\n

The idea is old, but it has not been used to automate business processes; it comes more from the world of testing. As a software engineer, you have to test your applications, then many people use this technique \u2014 which is called regression testing \u2014 to simply emulate a user doing this. That is where the idea came from. <\/p>\n

Initially, I really didn\u2019t understand how big the market would be because I was naive. I was thinking that all these manual processes did not exist in big enterprises, and that they had already been automated by various other technologies. We thought this was a small use case more in IT automation, ITSM [information technology service management] type of use cases initially.<\/p>\n

In order to unlock this idea of emulating people, we built a low-code\/no-code environment because this was key to what we were doing. We reduced the technical skills required to build end-to-end process automation for people that have some kind of knowledge about programming but are not experts. Paired with this approach, we saw our first big usage in the BPO industry, business process outsourcing. When we saw this market for the first time in 2014 or 2015, they were under big pressure to continuously deliver more benefits to their clients year over year. They squeezed everything they could from the process optimization, using techniques like Lean, Six Sigma, or similar. Back then, automation was the only way to get more and to reduce the cost of their offering.<\/p>\n

They started to use this type of technology, and very soon, their clients got wind of it. \u201cOh, this is something very interesting that can give us back the leverage in the relationship with outsourcers.\u201d People realized what a huge return on investment it generates. And by our knowledge, this is the highest return on investment technology that exists. We are currently seeing people that invest $200,000 and generate $5 million in return; we have companies that invest $10 million and generate to the tune of hundreds of millions of dollars in return on investment.<\/p>\n

Let me ask you about that real quick, because I have always wanted to dive into that specific return on investment. You are saying that a business process outsourcer, a BPO, is your external accounting firm or your tax provider; they are someone on the outside who is running some back office function \u2014 such as accounting, billing, or invoicing \u2014 that needs to be done to run a business. You sell to them because automating some of that work is the easiest way for them to increase their margins, lower their costs, provide more services, and get rid of their warehouses full of accountants. This work comes into a company because they see it happening and that they can generate a $500,000 investment for millions of dollars in return. Are they generating more revenue, or are they cutting costs to generate that return?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Well, I think it\u2019s both. Let me explain the journey in an enterprise, because that will make you realize how the flywheel of automation works. We land into a department \u2014 like finance, HR, or procurement \u2014 and let\u2019s say we help them build a center of excellence. They have a certain number of KPIs about their automation program they use to measure the results. The most important one for us is the number of manual hours that we return to the business. We need to have someone like a controller or CFO in that suite that signs for these KPIs, which are strictly measured. Once the program is put into place and this unit returns the manual hours, it\u2019s very usual that the controller will go back to them and say, \u201cI want to invest more in this. This is the technology that generates so much for me.\u201d <\/p>\n

The cost is reduced because you can deploy people from low-level tasks to higher tasks; they can produce more and actually increase your revenue in the company. For example, if we talk to one of our big telco customers that has a negative NPS [net promoter score], for instance, we help in their contact center. <\/p>\n

They all do. Every telco customer has a negative net promoter score \u2014 it\u2019s how much people talk about how much they like your company.<\/strong> <\/p>\n

If we help their agents to engage the customer more and help their NPS grow, it\u2019s actually a good way to increase the revenue for providing better services. So it\u2019s both.<\/p>\n

I want to come back to the very simple idea of what the core product does to help these service reps. If you are a telco customer service rep, you use some piece of internal customer management software every day that may keep you from interacting with customers because it\u2019s bad, hard to use, or slow. I am sure anybody who has called a customer service agent has experienced frustration with this. It implies, \u201cInstead of fixing that software, just hire us to have our robots use it for you, and then your people will have more free time.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

Well, it\u2019s not \u201cinstead.\u201d<\/p>\n

Okay.<\/strong><\/p>\n

It\u2019s in parallel. What is the alternative?<\/p>\n

I would say fixing the software is the alternative.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yes, but I am saying to do that in parallel. That is very interesting. I had exactly the same discussion with a very big bank in the UK, and they said, \u201cWe are going to change all our legacy software and contact center. We will standardize on Salesforce or Service Cloud CRM.\u201d I asked them how long this project would take \u2014 maybe three years in total \u2014 and if it could be replaced in one single step. It is impossible because it\u2019s not only two systems the agent has to integrate and replace, but 20. If we start placing our automation layer on top of the old system, we make the job of the agent simpler. They will only interact with our software, while we abstract the underlying systems.<\/p>\n

Then IT can go and replace those systems at their pace with better testing and better results than just doing it in one step. The CIO of that bank agreed with me and this is what they put in place. All software will continue to be replaced by new software; this is how the industry works. I think it\u2019s important to point out that our customers are not only very mature businesses that have been through the mainframe era. We also have a new breed of software companies that are only cloud-based as our customers. I can tell you that Snowflake, CrowdStrike, Uber, Spotify, Facebook, Google are our customers, and they don\u2019t have legacy software. You know why? They are using us because this approach of emulating people is the only one that works at scale.<\/p>\n

I agree with you. I don\u2019t think large-scale enterprise software transitions are easy for anyone. I do think one of the interesting components of this is a recognition that people have to use software, and that software might actually be the bottleneck, even though the software is the job.<\/strong><\/p>\n

If my job is to use Excel all day long, a recognition that Excel is the bottleneck is a mind-expanding idea, compared to any of the other bottlenecks you might face in a job, like, \u201cI\u2019m waiting for someone\u201d or, \u201cThe order hasn\u2019t come in.\u201d I don\u2019t think many people consider, \u201cYour job involves repetitive use of software and the software gets in your way.\u201d <\/strong><\/p>\n

Software is a tool, Nilay. It can be a better tool, or it can be a shitty tool. If you look at the best-crafted software \u2014 let\u2019s say ERP [enterprise research software] systems, which have been around for 30 years \u2014 they have a lot of pre-coded processes. They come with the way you should run your business, but cannot include all the interactions between different external systems. You live in an ecosystem, and there will never be one single piece of software that does everything for an enterprise; nobody can put all the optimizations in one single instance. <\/p>\n

Companies like SAP<\/a> are pure examples. You cannot really do a fully automated enterprise on their instance, and people are reluctant to even code into their ERP systems. It is dangerous to record something into the core system every time there is a change to a process, so people don\u2019t do this. There is always another layer that sits on top \u2014 the automation layer. It is easier, cheaper, and less disruptive to the business to put your automations, your operations, on this layer rather than into the core systems.<\/p>\n

What do you think the limits of automation are right now?<\/strong><\/p>\n

I think the limits in technology are more around natural language processing. If a process that needs automation requires understanding a lot of natural language to accomplish, it is more difficult to automate. Anything that is repetitive in nature, even if you require intelligence in the process, like reading documents or invoices we can handle. But the moment you need to get to higher cognitive tasks, that is the limit.<\/p>\n

A concept that we call \u201chumans in the loop\u201d is actually embedded in our software, so you can do a big process that involves multiple users and hundreds of tasks. We basically organize tasks like that like a big game of ping-pong between humans and robots. If you send an email or text to one of our robots asking for something and we cannot understand the intent, we parse the request as much as we can. If we completely understand those requests, we go and automate them. If we do not understand them, we will create a test for a human user and they will give us a more structured format. Then that request is passed back to the robots and so on. This is how it goes. Like a game of ping-pong. Back and forth, human to robot to human to robot.<\/p>\n

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