{"id":615,"date":"2022-03-02T15:31:09","date_gmt":"2022-03-02T15:31:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2022\/03\/02\/former-nuclear-regulatory-commission-chair-argues-nuclear-power-isnt-a-climate-solution\/"},"modified":"2022-03-02T15:31:10","modified_gmt":"2022-03-02T15:31:10","slug":"former-nuclear-regulatory-commission-chair-argues-nuclear-power-isnt-a-climate-solution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2022\/03\/02\/former-nuclear-regulatory-commission-chair-argues-nuclear-power-isnt-a-climate-solution\/","title":{"rendered":"Former Nuclear Regulatory Commission chair argues nuclear power isn\u2019t a climate solution"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2022\/1\/27\/22904943\/nuclear-power-climate-change-solution-gregory-jaczko\">https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2022\/1\/27\/22904943\/nuclear-power-climate-change-solution-gregory-jaczko<\/a><br \/>\n<code><br \/><\/br><\/code><\/p>\n<div readability=\"209.88251582278\">\n<p id=\"LuMRnu\">Former heads of nuclear regulatory bodies across Europe and the US put out a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.powermag.com\/blog\/former-nuclear-leaders-say-no-to-new-reactors\/\">statement<\/a> this week voicing their opposition to nuclear energy as a climate solution. <\/p>\n<p id=\"dVkWtc\">The debate over the benefits and risks of nuclear energy has been polarizing for years, but it\u2019s escalating as world leaders work to transition from fossil fuels to clean energy. On one side of the debate, some argue that renewables alone are too dependent on the weather to provide a consistent power supply. Nuclear technology, which today provides about half of America\u2019s carbon-free electricity, can reliably back it up, they say. And new nuclear technology is unlikely to trigger disasters like those at Chernobyl and Fukushima that have frightened the public in the past, proponents argue. But not everyone is convinced. <\/p>\n<p id=\"6bNNNs\">Nuclear energy is still too costly and risky to be a viable clean energy source, the authors of the statement write. They include Gregory Jaczko, former chairman of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the former leads of similar agencies in Germany, France, and the UK. <\/p>\n<p id=\"91W2u9\">To learn more about why some nuclear power experts oppose the energy source as a climate fix, <em>The Verge<\/em> spoke with Jaczko, who chaired the NRC from 2009 to 2012 and, since then, has been <a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/outlook\/i-oversaw-the-us-nuclear-power-industry-now-i-think-it-should-be-banned\/2019\/05\/16\/a3b8be52-71db-11e9-9eb4-0828f5389013_story.html\">outspoken<\/a> about his concerns. <\/p>\n<div class=\"c-float-right\">\n<aside id=\"Vld4Cd\"><q>\u201cI think there\u2019s been a lot of misinformation\u201d<\/q><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"obhFFz\"><em>This interview has been edited for length and clarity.<\/em><\/p>\n<p id=\"AvJDmI\"><strong>The debate swirling around whether nuclear energy should play a role in climate action has been going on for years. What prompted you to issue a statement this week? Why now?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"MkM1Xn\">I think there\u2019s been a lot of misinformation about the role that nuclear power can play in any climate strategy. A lot of attention has been put on nuclear as somehow the technology that\u2019s going to solve a lot of problems when it comes to dealing with climate change. I just think that\u2019s not true. And it\u2019s taking the debate and discussion away from the areas that can have a role and that do need focus and attention. <\/p>\n<p id=\"2HG7yB\"><strong>I\u2019ve certainly seen nuclear power making a lot of headlines recently. There was a leaked <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2022-01-01\/europe-seeks-green-label-for-certain-gas-and-nuclear-projects\"><strong>draft<\/strong><\/a><strong> of European Commission <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2022-01-27\/eu-bank-may-avoid-bestowing-green-label-on-gas-nuclear-projects\"><strong>plans to label nuclear power as a green investment<\/strong><\/a><strong>. And here in the US, the infrastructure law is set to funnel <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/articles\/doe-fact-sheet-bipartisan-infrastructure-deal-will-deliver-american-workers-families-and-0\"><strong>billions<\/strong><\/a><strong> into propping up nuclear energy. What goes through your head when you see this?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"4fbllB\">I think it\u2019s money that\u2019s not well spent. Nuclear has shown time and time again that it cannot deliver on promises about deployment and costs. And that\u2019s really the most important factor when it comes to climate. <\/p>\n<p id=\"RufyWm\">What I find kind of a little bit head-scratching is why, all of the sudden, this is getting attention when in fact, what\u2019s actually happening is really, really negative for nuclear. You\u2019re seeing nuclear power plants that, when I was chairman of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, were supposed to be coming online \u2014 those plants have not come online all across the world. There are some new plants that have come online at a much later time. Then you have the complete fiasco that is the new build of nuclear reactors in the United States. You had four new design reactors that were licensed when I was chairman, which were supposed to be starting production in 2016 and 2017. <\/p>\n<div class=\"c-float-left\">\n<aside id=\"puh2mY\"><q>\u201cThen you have the complete fiasco that is the new build of nuclear reactors in the United States.\u201d<\/q><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"FNku3u\">Two of those reactors were canceled, and that involved federal indictments for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sec.gov\/news\/press-release\/2020-301\">fraud<\/a> among the heads of the company running that reactor development. Then the other two reactors are in Georgia, and those reactors continue to be pushed back and now are scheduled to start in 2022 or 2023. And they\u2019re looking at a price tag that\u2019s over $30 billion, which is more than double the initial estimate for the cost of that reactor.<\/p>\n<p id=\"5Gaj3g\"><em>[Editor\u2019s note: <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/usao-sc\/pr\/top-westinghouse-nuclear-executive-charged-conspiracy-fraud-16-count-federal-indictment\"><em>Federal<\/em><\/a><em> and <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.scag.gov\/about-the-office\/news\/former-scana-ceo-kevin-marsh-pleads-guilty-to-state-grand-jury-indictment-related-to-v-c-summer-nuclear-power-plant-project\/\"><em>state<\/em><\/a><em> grand juries have charged the developers of an expansion project at South Carolina\u2019s V.C. Summer Nuclear Station with fraud. They were charged with lying about progress on plans to build two new nuclear reactors at the site, which were abandoned in 2017 after ballooning costs that left utility customers to <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.postandcourier.com\/business\/3-years-later-how-the-fallout-from-scs-9-billion-nuclear-fiasco-continues\/article_5d2a2684-d264-11ea-946f-935bbd3ffa98.html\"><em>foot the bill<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p id=\"leLTze\"><em>The same company that was contracted to build the reactors in South Carolina, Westinghouse Electric Company, was also hired to build an additional two new reactors at the Vogtle Electric Generating Plant in Georgia. Costs for the Vogtle project similarly skyrocketed, and Westinghouse declared <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/03\/29\/business\/westinghouse-toshiba-nuclear-bankruptcy.html\"><em>bankruptcy<\/em><\/a><em> in 2017.]<\/em><\/p>\n<p id=\"49xALs\"><strong>Speaking of that Georgia project, the Vogtle nuclear power plant, you cast the lone dissenting vote on the NRC on it back in 2012. Looking back, has there been anything that surprised you? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"fQj4jl\">I opposed that particular plant for a very specific reason: I thought that the agency that I ran, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, should have put in requirements that part of its development process should adopt any reforms that were made to deal with the Fukushima nuclear accident. If you\u2019d asked me at that time that I expected the plant would be five years over its time and <a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/21012022\/georgia-power-vogtle-nuclear\/\">more than double<\/a> its budget, I would have said no. The reason I would have said that is because the industry at that time was assuring me and everyone else associated with nuclear policy and anyone in the financial community that the industry had control of costs, construction. They have fumbled it beyond even my expectations for how they could fumble it. <em>[Editor\u2019s note: costs for the Vogtle expansion were initially estimated at $14 billion.]<\/em><\/p>\n<p id=\"n7pD4G\">People like to characterize me as a very ardent opponent of nuclear power. I don\u2019t really consider myself that. I consider myself kind of a realist. But even if you\u2019d asked me at that time, I would not have said that that would be so far over budget and so delayed in its completion. And you know, I think right now, it\u2019s certainly questionable whether it will ever get completed. <\/p>\n<p id=\"h2VPLW\"><strong>What should be done about older reactors? Some experts argue that premature nuclear plant closures lead to natural gas and coal plants filling in the gaps. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"hZ88vU\">We have to get the facts right. And the premise of your question is not true. There\u2019s no such thing as a direct one-to-one replacement, first of all.<\/p>\n<p id=\"weRvtE\">Renewables and the amount of renewables that are in the pipeline far exceed any one closure of a nuclear power plant in the US. So nuclear is simply not being replaced by fossil fuels. We\u2019re still seeing natural gas play too large of a role in our electricity sector. That is an issue by itself that has nothing to do with whether nuclear power plants shut down or not. So this is where I say so much of this discussion around nuclear focuses on the wrong thing. The right thing we need to focus on is what are we doing to get rid of gas? <\/p>\n<p id=\"PS64N3\"><strong>What are your concerns with next-generation nuclear reactors, given that they\u2019re very different than the older technology that we have?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"TVmHNv\">It simply comes down to the need. I do not see a place in which these reactors will play a role because they do not meet the demands of the electricity space right now. <\/p>\n<p id=\"r0NLON\">We have to stop believing the hype. Nuclear has never delivered on the hype, and to somehow hinge the future of the planet on unproven design is simply, I think, irresponsible, and we have to recognize that or we\u2019re going to be throwing money at the technologies that are simply never going to deliver.<\/p>\n<div class=\"c-float-right\">\n<aside id=\"yDEGPn\"><q>\u201cNuclear has never delivered on the hype\u201d<\/q><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"UHvnq2\">The window in which nuclear technology could deliver on a climate pledge closed a year ago or five years ago, realistically. It closed when the V.C. Summer plant decided to shut down. It closed when Vogtle was years and years and years over budget. And everyone has decided to try and knock a hole in the house and try and build a new window. <\/p>\n<p id=\"abBIqe\">That\u2019s what they\u2019re trying to do today and say, well, that\u2019s going to be the solution. It\u2019s simply not. None of these designs are going to be ready for deployment, even as a prototype, for 2030. You need by 2030 the decarbonization of the electricity sector, not getting some brand new technology is going to build its first at the time and then you\u2019re going to have to wait another five to 15 years before you can deploy that technology at scale. We have to deploy at scale today. And it\u2019s simply not going to come from these advanced reactor designs.<\/p>\n<p id=\"QExw4y\"><strong>Your statement says that nuclear energy as a climate strategy is \u201c[m]ilitarily hazardous since newly promoted reactor designs increase the risk of  nuclear weapons proliferation.\u201d Can you explain?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"HOYrtL\">The simplest way to think about it is the difference between a nuclear weapons program and a nuclear power program is really intent. So much of the technology that is used for nuclear power production can be used to make the material that you need for nuclear weapons. For a long time, one of the promises of advanced reactors was that they would somehow be more resistant to proliferation concerns, namely that they would be harder to make that transition from strictly a power production technology to a technology that could be used for weapons production. And as technologies have developed, those issues have not really panned out again in the way that many different reactor designs were touted. So it will always be there as a concern. <\/p>\n<p id=\"8hVQSV\"><strong>And there are some interesting new players stepping into the arena \u2014 private companies looking into small modular reactors for their own operations. I think the latest I\u2019ve seen is <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rolls-royce.com\/innovation\/small-modular-reactors.aspx#section-overview\"><strong>Rolls Royce<\/strong><\/a><strong>. What do you make of that trend? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"ZrHriz\">I think it comes back to the same issues, which is I am skeptical that that will ever materialize because you don\u2019t generate electricity at prices that are well above market rates just to prove a point. <\/p>\n<p id=\"OJ7CtW\">Rolls Royce is looking to develop their own design for small modular reactors. You know, I think it still suffers from the same problem, which is that those designs don\u2019t meet the needs of the electricity market \u2014 namely price, deployment, operational flexibility, and they have the potential hazards for accidents, although small modular reactors have a lower consequence than certainly a large reactor. There\u2019s nothing about the benefits that outweighs any of those risks. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><code><br \/><\/br><\/code><\/p>\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2022\/1\/27\/22904943\/nuclear-power-climate-change-solution-gregory-jaczko\">https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2022\/1\/27\/22904943\/nuclear-power-climate-change-solution-gregory-jaczko<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Source: Former heads of nuclear regulatory bodies across Europe and the US put out a statement this week voicing their opposition to nuclear energy as a climate solution. The debate over the benefits and risks of nuclear energy has been polarizing for years, but it\u2019s escalating as world leaders work to transition from fossil fuels [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"pagelayer_contact_templates":[],"_pagelayer_content":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[40,26],"tags":[43],"class_list":["post-615","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environment","category-science","tag-environment"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Former Nuclear Regulatory Commission chair argues nuclear power isn\u2019t a climate solution - Science and Nerds<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/scienceandnerds.com\/2022\/03\/02\/former-nuclear-regulatory-commission-chair-argues-nuclear-power-isnt-a-climate-solution\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Former Nuclear Regulatory Commission chair argues nuclear power isn\u2019t a climate solution - Science and Nerds\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Source: Former heads of nuclear regulatory bodies across Europe and the US put out a statement this week voicing their opposition to nuclear energy as a climate solution. 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